{"id":101907,"date":"2024-07-25T15:39:46","date_gmt":"2024-07-25T15:39:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/2024\/07\/25\/the-north-star-is-much-heavier-than-previously-thought\/"},"modified":"2024-07-25T15:39:46","modified_gmt":"2024-07-25T15:39:46","slug":"the-north-star-is-much-heavier-than-previously-thought","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/2024\/07\/25\/the-north-star-is-much-heavier-than-previously-thought\/","title":{"rendered":"The North Star is much heavier than previously thought"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"text-align:center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sciencenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/072224_kc_north-star-mass_feat.jpg?fit=800%2C450&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"The North Star is much heavier than previously thought\" title=\"The North Star is much heavier than previously thought\" \/><\/div> \r\n<br><br><div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"rich-text rich-text--with-sidebar single__rich-text___RmCDp\" data-component=\"video-embed\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\n\n\n\n<p>The star marking true north is a good deal heavier than we thought.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The North Star <a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2407.09641\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">is 5.1 times as massive as the sun<\/a>, astronomers report in work submitted July 12 to arXiv.org. That value, calculated from the motion of a much fainter star that orbits the luminary, is nearly 50 percent heavier than a recent estimate of 3.45 solar masses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mass profoundly affects stellar life: The more mass a star has, the faster it burns its fuel and the sooner it dies. The earlier mass estimate had suggested that the North Star, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencenews.org\/article\/gaggle-stars-get-official-names\">also known as Polaris<\/a>, is roughly 100 million years old (<em>SN\/12\/2\/16<\/em>). The new estimate means the star formed more recently than this, but no one has yet calculated a revised age.<\/p>\n\n\n<aside class=\"sn-conversion rich-text rich-text--with-sidebar\">\n<style><![CDATA[\n.email-conversion {\n  border: 1px solid #ffcccb;\n  color: white;\n  margin-top: 50px;\n  background-image: url(\"\/wp-content\/themes\/sciencenews\/client\/src\/images\/cta-module@2x.jpg\");\n  padding: 20px;\n  clear: both;\n}\n\n]]><\/style>\n\n\n\n                        <style class=\"is-layout-flow 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none;\n}\n\nform.zephr-form-content {\n    opacity: .9;\n}\n\nlabel.zephr-form-checkbox-label {\n    font-size: 1.2rem;\n    font-weight: bolder;\n}\n\n.zephr-form-custom-text > h4 {\n    color: black !important;\n}\n\nbutton.zephr-form-button {\n    background: #d4441f !important;\n    font-weight: bold !important;\n    text-transform: uppercase !important;\n}\n\nlabel.zephr-payment-form-checkbox-label {\n    color: white;\n    font-size: 1.6rem;\n}\n\n.zephr-form-content {\n    background:#2f537f;\n    \n}\n\n.zephr-payment-form-custom-text {\n    margin-top: .2rem;\n}\n\n.zephr-payment-form-checkbox-label {\n    display: flex;\n    align-items: center;\n    font-family: var(--zephr-typography-body-font), var(--zephr-typography-body-fallbackFont);\n    color: white;\n    font-weight: bold;\n}]]><\/style>\n                        \n                        \n<\/aside>\n\n\n<p>The companion star is so dim that <a href=\"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/0004-6256\/136\/3\/1137\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">it went unseen until 2005<\/a>, when astronomer Nancy Evans and her colleagues glimpsed it with the Hubble Space Telescope. When the companion skirted closest to the North Star in 2016, Evans and others began tracking it with the CHARA array, an observatory that combines the views of telescopes atop Mount Wilson in California.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Because the close companion star takes three decades to revolve around the main star, most of the orbit has now been observed, bolstering the reliability of the mass estimate. \u201cThese things take a long time,\u201d says Evans, of the Harvard and Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics in Cambridge, Mass.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lying 447 light-years from Earth, Polaris is the closest member of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencenews.org\/article\/space-exoplanet-century-astronomy-earth-universe\">a class of stars called Cepheids<\/a>, which are crucial for measuring distances to other galaxies (<em>SN: 7\/21\/21<\/em>). The stars are large and luminous \u2014 Polaris is 46 times as wide as the sun \u2014 and nearing the ends of their lives. Notably, they expand and contract, which makes their brightness wax and wane. The longer a Cepheid takes to pulsate, the more light it emits. Measuring the pulsation period therefore indicates the Cepheid\u2019s intrinsic brightness. Comparing this with the star\u2019s apparent brightness yields the distance to the star and thus to its host galaxy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIt\u2019s extremely important to know the mass,\u201d says Ed Guinan, an astronomer at Villanova University in Pennsylvania who was not involved with the new work. That lets astronomers check their models of how Cepheids evolve and better understand these cosmic measuring rods. But \u201cthere\u2019s only a few Cepheids that have masses determined.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n\t\t\t<\/div> <!-- \/.rich-text -->\n\t\t\t\n<footer class=\"article-footer__wrapper___eChRS article-footer__with-sidebar___9oDuK\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"article-footer__feedback___sNXjz\">Questions or comments on this article? E-mail us at\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencenews.org\/article\/mailto:feedback@sciencenews.org\">feedback@sciencenews.org<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencenews.org\/permission-republish\">Reprints FAQ<\/a><\/p>\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\n\n\t\n<div class=\"author-bio__wrapper___ODe-4\">\n\t\n\t<div class=\"author-bio__content___F9GU3\">\n\t\t\n\n\t\t<div class=\"author-bio__bio___jkxvt\">\n\t\t\t<p>Ken Croswell has a Ph.D. in astronomy from Harvard University and is the author of eight books, including <em>The Alchemy of the Heavens: Searching for Meaning in the Milky Way <\/em>and <em>The Lives of Stars.<\/em><\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t<aside class=\"sn-conversion rich-text rich-text--with-sidebar\">\n<style><![CDATA[\n.donate-box {\n  border-top: 7px solid red !important;\n  border: 1px solid #ffcccb;\n  margin-top: 50px;\n  background-color: #fdfbf2;\n  padding: 20px;\n}\n.from-nature-index__heading___AhgOe {\n  display: none;\n}\n]]><\/style>\n\n\n\n<style><![CDATA[.from-nature-index__heading___AhgOe {\n    display: none;\n}]]><\/style><div id=\"donateConversion\" class=\"wp-block-group donate-box\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\" style=\"font-size:1.1em\">\nWe are at a critical time and <strong><mark>supporting science journalism \nis more important than ever<\/mark><\/strong>. <em>Science News<\/em> and our \nparent organization, the Society for Science, need your help to strengthen \nscientific literacy and ensure that important societal decisions are made \nwith science in mind.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\" style=\"font-size:1.1em\">\nPlease \n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencenews.org\/subscribe1-print-digital?key=9MENDCON&amp;utm_source=end-of-article&amp;utm_medium=site&amp;utm_campaign=non-sub-control\">\nsubscribe to <em>Science News<\/em> and <strong>add $16<\/strong><\/a> to expand \nscience literacy and understanding.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n<\/aside><\/footer>\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n<br>\r\n<br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencenews.org\/article\/north-star-heavier-than-thought\">Source link <\/a>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The star marking true north is a good deal heavier than we thought. The North Star is 5.1 times as massive as the sun, astronomers report in work submitted July 12 to arXiv.org. That value, calculated from the motion of a much fainter star that orbits the luminary, is nearly 50 percent heavier than a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":101908,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","fifu_image_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sciencenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/072224_kc_north-star-mass_feat.jpg?fit=800%2C450&ssl=1","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[606],"tags":[31871,1358,6861,964,14902],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/101907"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=101907"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/101907\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":101909,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/101907\/revisions\/101909"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/101908"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=101907"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=101907"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=101907"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}