{"id":109110,"date":"2024-08-06T16:07:12","date_gmt":"2024-08-06T16:07:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/2024\/08\/06\/then-i-am-myself-the-world-ponders-what-it-means-to-be-conscious\/"},"modified":"2024-08-06T16:07:12","modified_gmt":"2024-08-06T16:07:12","slug":"then-i-am-myself-the-world-ponders-what-it-means-to-be-conscious","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/2024\/08\/06\/then-i-am-myself-the-world-ponders-what-it-means-to-be-conscious\/","title":{"rendered":"\u2018Then I Am Myself the World\u2019 ponders what it means to be conscious"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"text-align:center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sciencenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/081024_reviews_cover.jpg?resize=254%2C383&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\u2018Then I Am Myself the World\u2019 ponders what it means to be conscious\" title=\"\u2018Then I Am Myself the World\u2019 ponders what it means to be conscious\" \/><\/div> \r\n<br><div data-component=\"video-embed\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image  has-alignleft\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/bookshop.org\/a\/21798\/9781541602809\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/bookshop.org\/a\/21798\/9781541602809\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Then I Am Myself the World<\/a><br\/><em>Christof Koch<br\/>Basic Books, $30<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The human brain is the most complex information integrator known in the universe. With 86 billion neurons and 100 trillion connections between them, the brain gives us our rich subjective experiences and our capacity for free will \u2014 our consciousness.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Despite being a universal human phenomenon, consciousness is notoriously difficult to describe, and scientists still debate how it arises. In <em>Then I Am Myself the World<\/em>, neuroscientist Christof Koch offers the latest entry into the long list of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencenews.org\/article\/feeling-knowing-book-consciousness-origin-evolution\">books attempting to demystify the origins of our inner lives<\/a> (<em>SN: 1\/5\/22<\/em>). While the topic can be a head-scratcher, Koch\u2019s adept use of analogies and entertaining anecdotes \u2014 complete with his own near-death experience and psychedelic drug trips \u2014 make the book a compelling and surprisingly light read.<\/p>\n\n\n<aside class=\"sn-conversion rich-text rich-text--with-sidebar\">\n<style><![CDATA[\n.email-conversion {\n  border: 1px solid #ffcccb;\n  color: white;\n  margin-top: 50px;\n  background-image: url(\"\/wp-content\/themes\/sciencenews\/client\/src\/images\/cta-module@2x.jpg\");\n  padding: 20px;\n  clear: both;\n}\n\n]]><\/style>\n\n\n\n                        <style class=\"is-layout-flow 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none;\n}\n\nform.zephr-form-content {\n    opacity: .9;\n}\n\nlabel.zephr-form-checkbox-label {\n    font-size: 1.2rem;\n    font-weight: bolder;\n}\n\n.zephr-form-custom-text > h4 {\n    color: black !important;\n}\n\nbutton.zephr-form-button {\n    background: #d4441f !important;\n    font-weight: bold !important;\n    text-transform: uppercase !important;\n}\n\nlabel.zephr-payment-form-checkbox-label {\n    color: white;\n    font-size: 1.6rem;\n}\n\n.zephr-form-content {\n    background:#2f537f;\n    \n}\n\n.zephr-payment-form-custom-text {\n    margin-top: .2rem;\n}\n\n.zephr-payment-form-checkbox-label {\n    display: flex;\n    align-items: center;\n    font-family: var(--zephr-typography-body-font), var(--zephr-typography-body-fallbackFont);\n    color: white;\n    font-weight: bold;\n}]]><\/style>\n                        \n                        \n<\/aside>\n\n\n<p>Koch challenges some common conceptions of consciousness. Take the idea that the brain is like a computer, in which consciousness is software that\u2019s programmed into the hardware of our neurons. This concept, he writes, dominates the tech industry and movies alike, where humans are akin to self-aware robots like Rachael in the science fiction film <em>Blade Runner<\/em>. Reducing consciousness to a function, in which a person is a \u201cTuring machine made flesh \u2026 a robot unaware of its programming,\u201d leaves Koch cold.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Instead of separate software and hardware, he argues, the brain is the structure of consciousness. Koch draws on integrated information theory, or IIT, a consciousness model first proposed by neuroscientist Giulio Tononi in the early 2000s, to make the case. The mind-bending theory suggests that consciousness is the act of a brain\u2019s system of neurons merging sensory, emotional and cognitive information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Key to understanding IIT is the idea of \u201ccausal power.\u201d Because networks of neurons integrate information, their electrochemical activity can influence conscious experiences. And consciousness, in turn, can affect brain networks because what we feel or remember impacts these networks in real time (like how being hungry can influence the brain\u2019s mood-processing regions to make us feel \u201changry.\u201d)<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image  has-alignleft\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"680\" height=\"1280\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sciencenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/081024_reviews_inline.jpg?resize=680%2C1280&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"Dog tilting its head\" class=\"wp-image-3142149\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sciencenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/081024_reviews_inline.jpg?w=680&amp;ssl=1 680w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sciencenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/081024_reviews_inline.jpg?resize=203%2C383&amp;ssl=1 203w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sciencenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/081024_reviews_inline.jpg?resize=239%2C450&amp;ssl=1 239w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sciencenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/081024_reviews_inline.jpg?resize=99%2C186&amp;ssl=1 99w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sciencenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/081024_reviews_inline.jpg?resize=308%2C580&amp;ssl=1 308w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sciencenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/081024_reviews_inline.jpg?resize=412%2C776&amp;ssl=1 412w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><span class=\"caption wp-caption-3142149\">Consciousness may not be a uniquely human experience. Other animals and even computers have the potential to be conscious, neuroscientist Christof Koch argues.<\/span><span class=\"credit wp-credit-3142149\">GlobalP\/Getty Images<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Because IIT suggests consciousness arises from information integration, Koch argues the experience is not limited to the human brain and is present in other animals. But the interconnectivity of neurons determines the strength of the causal power and thus the organism\u2019s level of consciousness. \u201cTake my dog. It doesn\u2019t have a well-developed notion of self. It doesn\u2019t worry what\u2019s going to happen next weekend. But it has states of pain and joy,\u201d so it\u2019s certainly conscious, Koch told me in an interview. As brains become more complex, the amount of integrated information becomes vastly bigger. So humans, whose brain networks have among the highest known level of interconnectivity, have a more expanded consciousness than a dog, he says.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A provocative conclusion here is that any system that integrates information \u2014 including a computer \u2014 has the potential to be conscious. The very mechanism of integrating information is experience, Koch explains. So you can measure a system\u2019s consciousness by measuring the amount of integrated information within it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Recently, Koch did just that, calculating the consciousness of AI algorithms. The generative AI ChatGPT, he claims, has an \u201citsy, bitsy, little bit of consciousness,\u201d but experiences the world something much less than a worm with only 300 neurons.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As an AI learns more information and performs more complex tasks, it becomes increasingly sophisticated. But it cannot reach or even simulate human-level consciousness, Koch says. Think of it this way: You can simulate a black hole on a computer, but it doesn\u2019t mean you\u2019re going to be sucked into a real black hole. If you simulate a human brain in an AI system, it won\u2019t be conscious \u2014 it\u2019s a deepfake, he says.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The underlying hardware explains why. A computer\u2019s network of transistors, which regulate the flow of electrical signals within the machine, don\u2019t have the causal power necessary to give rise to human-level consciousness, Koch says. Each transistor connects to only a handful of other transistors, whereas one neuron can interact with thousands of others.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Though much of the book explores abstract and philosophical aspects of consciousness, Koch asserts that the topic has real-world value. Detecting basic levels of consciousness in comatose people, for one, could help doctors and family members determine the course of treatment. <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>Ultimately, <em>Then I Am Myself the World<\/em> contends that the subjective experiences that make us conscious are what transform us and the paths of our lives. Our conscious experiences are real and precious, Koch writes, if nothing more than because \u201cwe matter to ourselves.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Buy <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/bookshop.org\/a\/21798\/9781541602809\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Then I Am Myself the World<\/a> from Bookshop.org.\u00a0Science News<em>\u00a0is a Bookshop.org affiliate and will earn a commission on purchases made from links in this article.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n<br>\r\n<br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencenews.org\/article\/then-i-am-myself-the-world-conscious\">Source link <\/a>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Then I Am Myself the WorldChristof KochBasic Books, $30 The human brain is the most complex information integrator known in the universe. With 86 billion neurons and 100 trillion connections between them, the brain gives us our rich subjective experiences and our capacity for free will \u2014 our consciousness. Despite being a universal human phenomenon, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":109111,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","fifu_image_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sciencenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/081024_reviews_cover.jpg?resize=254%2C383&ssl=1","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[606],"tags":[10944,19138,90122,1052],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/109110"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=109110"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/109110\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":109112,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/109110\/revisions\/109112"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/109111"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=109110"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=109110"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=109110"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}