{"id":122402,"date":"2024-08-27T13:45:26","date_gmt":"2024-08-27T13:45:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/2024\/08\/27\/people-with-food-and-other-allergies-have-a-new-way-to-treat-severe-reactions\/"},"modified":"2024-08-27T13:45:26","modified_gmt":"2024-08-27T13:45:26","slug":"people-with-food-and-other-allergies-have-a-new-way-to-treat-severe-reactions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/2024\/08\/27\/people-with-food-and-other-allergies-have-a-new-way-to-treat-severe-reactions\/","title":{"rendered":"People with food and other allergies have a new way to treat severe reactions"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"text-align:center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sciencenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/081624_ac_anaphylaxis_feat.png?fit=800%2C450&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"People with food and other allergies have a new way to treat severe reactions\" title=\"People with food and other allergies have a new way to treat severe reactions\" \/><\/div> \r\n<br><br><div data-component=\"video-embed\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\n\n\n\n<p>Soon people will be able to subdue a severe allergic reaction with a nasal spray instead of an injection.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>On August 9, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/news-events\/press-announcements\/fda-approves-first-nasal-spray-treatment-anaphylaxis\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">approved the first epinephrine nasal spray<\/a> for the treatment of severe allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis, in adults and kids who weigh 30 kilograms or more. Called neffy, the spray is expected to be available by early October and to cost $25 with insurance and $199 without for a two-pack, according to ARS Pharmaceuticals, neffy\u2019s maker. The nasal spray device is the same style used for the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencenews.org\/article\/medical-advances-vaccines-drugs-2023\">opioid-reversal medicine Narcan<\/a> (<em>SN: 12\/14\/23<\/em>).<\/p>\n\n\n<aside class=\"sn-conversion rich-text rich-text--with-sidebar\">\n<style><![CDATA[\n.email-conversion {\n  border: 1px solid #ffcccb;\n  color: white;\n  margin-top: 50px;\n  background-image: url(\"\/wp-content\/themes\/sciencenews\/client\/src\/images\/cta-module@2x.jpg\");\n  padding: 20px;\n  clear: both;\n}\n\n]]><\/style>\n\n\n\n                        <style class=\"is-layout-flow 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unset);line-height:unset;margin:unset;padding:unset;border:unset;background:unset;&:hover, &:focus-visible {\n            border: unset;\n            background: unset;\n        }}.zephr-form-disabled-div{pointer-events:none;opacity:0.8}.zephr-form-relative-container{position:relative}.zephr-form-flex-container{display:flex}.zephr-form-input-inner-button{cursor:pointer;position:absolute;top:50%;transform:translateY(-50%);right:5px;padding:10px 5px}.zephr-form-input-inner-text{color:var(--zephr-color-text-main);font-size:var(--zf-subtext-fontSize);font-weight:bold;font-family:var(--zf-root-fontFamily)}\n]]><\/style>\n                        \n                        <style><![CDATA[.zephr-form-max-width.zephr-payment-form-max-width {\n    background-image: url(https:\/\/www.sciencenews.org\/wp-content\/themes\/sciencenews\/client\/src\/images\/cta-module@2x.jpg);\n    padding:20px;\n    max-width: 100%;\n}\n\n.zephr-form-custom-text > p {\n    display: none;\n}\n\nform.zephr-form-content {\n    opacity: .9;\n}\n\nlabel.zephr-form-checkbox-label {\n    font-size: 1.2rem;\n    font-weight: bolder;\n}\n\n.zephr-form-custom-text > h4 {\n    color: black !important;\n}\n\nbutton.zephr-form-button {\n    background: #d4441f !important;\n    font-weight: bold !important;\n    text-transform: uppercase !important;\n}\n\nlabel.zephr-payment-form-checkbox-label {\n    color: white;\n    font-size: 1.6rem;\n}\n\n.zephr-form-content {\n    background:#2f537f;\n    \n}\n\n.zephr-payment-form-custom-text {\n    margin-top: .2rem;\n}\n\n.zephr-payment-form-checkbox-label {\n    display: flex;\n    align-items: center;\n    font-family: var(--zephr-typography-body-font), var(--zephr-typography-body-fallbackFont);\n    color: white;\n    font-weight: bold;\n}]]><\/style>\n                        \n                        \n<\/aside>\n\n\n<p>The hormone epinephrine is the go-to therapy for anaphylaxis, a potentially life-threatening reaction that can happen after exposure to a food, a drug or insect venom for those who are allergic. The immune system\u2019s exaggerated response during anaphylaxis leads to low blood pressure and difficulty breathing, among other symptoms. From 2004 to 2016, there were about <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aafp.org\/pubs\/afp\/issues\/2020\/0915\/p355.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">two cases of anaphylaxis per 1,000 people per year<\/a> nationally, with 25 percent of anaphylaxis reactions occurring in children 16 years and younger. It\u2019s rare that anaphylaxis leads to death, but there isn\u2019t a way to predict when it might.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The method of delivery for epinephrine has long been a needle: a shot or a device called an auto-injector. For people at risk of anaphylaxis, the medical <a href=\"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article\/139\/3\/e20164006\/53753\/Epinephrine-for-First-aid-Management-of?autologincheck=redirected\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">recommendation is to use epinephrine at the first signs of the reaction<\/a>. Symptoms tend to resolve quickly with one dose. A research review <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC8588837\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">estimated that about 1 in 10 anaphylaxis reactions<\/a> are treated with more than one dose. Auto-injectors come as two-packs so people at risk can carry two doses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But studies have found that some people don\u2019t use epinephrine during a severe allergic reaction. Some fear needles and some parents worry about hurting their kids when administering a dose. Having a non-needle option that\u2019s easy to use \u201cis a game-changer,\u201d says allergist immunologist Theresa Bingemann of the University of Rochester Medical Center in New York.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Science News<\/em> talked to two experts about what happens during an allergic reaction, how epinephrine applies the brakes and why neffy might help fill a problematic gap in health care.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>What\u2019s happening in the body during anaphylaxis and how does epinephrine halt the reaction?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Anaphylaxis can happen within minutes of exposure to an allergen. Certain immune cells in the body release the chemical histamine and other compounds that lead to, among other harms, plummeting blood pressure, constricted airways and leaky vessels. People can develop hives or swelling, have trouble breathing, wheeze, cough, become nauseous, vomit or pass out. Patients have described anaphylaxis as \u201can impending sense of doom,\u201d says pediatric allergist Carla Davis of Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children\u2019s Hospital in Houston. \u201cThey feel like something really bad is happening.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Epinephrine is also called adrenaline, known as the \u201cfight or flight\u201d hormone. It counteracts anaphylaxis by constricting blood vessels to increase blood pressure and by relaxing the airways to restore easy breathing, among other actions. Medical guidelines recommend using epinephrine at the start of anaphylaxis symptoms, especially if signs occur in two different parts of the body, such as the skin and the lungs. The earlier people treat, the sooner they feel better, Bingemann says. \u201cWe usually tell people: When in doubt, treat.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Will the nasal spray work if a person is having trouble breathing?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The epinephrine in the nasal spray isn\u2019t meant to be inhaled. The medicine is absorbed in the nasal mucosa. It\u2019s the same as with the naloxone spray, Narcan. That medicine is given to people experiencing an opioid overdose, which also causes difficulty with breathing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Each neffy spray contains one dose. The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ars-pharma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pdf\/Prescribing_Information.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">instructions call for inserting the nozzle in a nostril<\/a> until the fingers can touch the nose and then pressing the plunger. If needed, a second dose would go in the same nostril.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p><strong>How was the nasal spray tested?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>ARS Pharmaceuticals conducted several clinical trials to compare the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC11207568\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">absorption and action of epinephrine via the nasal spray, auto-injector and shot<\/a>. The concentrations of epinephrine in the blood reached comparable levels in a similar amount of time after delivery from the three methods, the research found. The increases in blood pressure and heart rate produced by the three methods were also similar. The results held up in another study that compared the self-administration of neffy with an injection of epinephrine by a healthcare provider.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In a study of neffy in children weighing 30 kilograms or more, the concentration of epinephrine in the blood matched what was seen in adults, according to the FDA.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>What kind of impact could the availability of epinephrine nasal spray have on anaphylaxis treatment?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIt\u2019s a big deal,\u201d Davis says. In her experience, people can be very hesitant to treat anaphylaxis with epinephrine. Some people are afraid of needles or feel anxious about administering epinephrine. Some people aren\u2019t sure how to use the auto-injectors. Cost has also been an issue, with the list price for a two-pack of a <a href=\"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamainternalmedicine\/fullarticle\/2612114\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">widely used auto-injector reaching around $600<\/a> in 2016.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Many episodes of anaphylaxis happen in the community, outside of medical settings. A 2018 study in <em>Annals of Allergy, Asthma &amp; Immunology<\/em> found that more than 50 percent of adults and 30 percent of children reported at least one severe allergic reaction in which <a href=\"https:\/\/www.annallergy.org\/article\/S1081-1206(18)30482-4\/abstract\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">an epinephrine auto-injector would have helped but wasn\u2019t<\/a> used. \u201cIt\u2019s a huge gap in care,\u201d Davis says.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Multiple episodes of untreated anaphylaxis can affect people\u2019s quality of life, Davis says. \u201cWhat I see is anxiety in children, in adults, staying away from social situations.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Epinephrine \u201conly works if you have it and you use it,\u201d Bingemann says, and the best device is the one that works best for an individual. The nasal spray offers a choice that could \u201cgive people more confidence in their ability to treat a reaction because they don\u2019t have to poke themselves with a needle,\u201d she says. If the new method helps more people use epinephrine promptly, \u201cthat would be great and I\u2019m hoping that\u2019s what we\u2019ll ultimately see.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n<br>\r\n<br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencenews.org\/article\/allergies-anaphlaxis-epinephrine-spray\">Source link <\/a>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Soon people will be able to subdue a severe allergic reaction with a nasal spray instead of an injection. On August 9, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved the first epinephrine nasal spray for the treatment of severe allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis, in adults and kids who weigh 30 kilograms or more. Called neffy, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":122403,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","fifu_image_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sciencenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/081624_ac_anaphylaxis_feat.png?fit=800%2C450&ssl=1","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[606],"tags":[29930,1720,124,27836,1394,4423],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/122402"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=122402"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/122402\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":122404,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/122402\/revisions\/122404"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/122403"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=122402"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=122402"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=122402"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}