{"id":142551,"date":"2024-09-26T15:16:16","date_gmt":"2024-09-26T15:16:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/2024\/09\/26\/this-fish-has-legs-and-it-uses-them-for-more-than-just-walking\/"},"modified":"2024-09-26T15:16:16","modified_gmt":"2024-09-26T15:16:16","slug":"this-fish-has-legs-and-it-uses-them-for-more-than-just-walking","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/2024\/09\/26\/this-fish-has-legs-and-it-uses-them-for-more-than-just-walking\/","title":{"rendered":"This fish has legs \u2014 and it uses them for more than just walking"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"text-align:center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sciencenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/092524_eg_tasty-legs_inline.gif?resize=640%2C480&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"This fish has legs \u2014 and it uses them for more than just walking\" title=\"This fish has legs \u2014 and it uses them for more than just walking\" \/><\/div> \r\n<br><div data-component=\"video-embed\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\n\n\n\n<p>It\u2019s a bird! It\u2019s a crab! No, it\u2019s a fish that can taste with its legs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Some sea robins, a group of fishes with two winglike fins and six crablike legs, use their legs to dig in sand and <a href=\"https:\/\/cell.com\/current-biology\/fulltext\/S0960-9822(24)01126-6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">find buried prey with a sense much like taste<\/a>, researchers report in two papers published September 26 in <em>Current Biology<\/em>. Most sea robins seem to use their legs only for walking. But <a href=\"https:\/\/cell.com\/current-biology\/fulltext\/S0960-9822(24)01157-6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">an ancient gene important for the formation of limbs<\/a> in humans and other animals, as well as a gene involved in building taste buds, helped a few species develop legs that taste. <\/p>\n\n\n<aside class=\"sn-conversion rich-text rich-text--with-sidebar\">\n<style><![CDATA[\n.email-conversion {\n  border: 1px solid #ffcccb;\n  color: white;\n  margin-top: 50px;\n  background-image: url(\"\/wp-content\/themes\/sciencenews\/client\/src\/images\/cta-module@2x.jpg\");\n  padding: 20px;\n  clear: both;\n}\n\n]]><\/style>\n\n\n\n                        <style class=\"is-layout-flow 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none;\n}\n\nform.zephr-form-content {\n    opacity: .9;\n}\n\nlabel.zephr-form-checkbox-label {\n    font-size: 1.2rem;\n    font-weight: bolder;\n}\n\n.zephr-form-custom-text > h4 {\n    color: black !important;\n}\n\nbutton.zephr-form-button {\n    background: #d4441f !important;\n    font-weight: bold !important;\n    text-transform: uppercase !important;\n}\n\nlabel.zephr-payment-form-checkbox-label {\n    color: white;\n    font-size: 1.6rem;\n}\n\n.zephr-form-content {\n    background:#2f537f;\n    \n}\n\n.zephr-payment-form-custom-text {\n    margin-top: .2rem;\n}\n\n.zephr-payment-form-checkbox-label {\n    display: flex;\n    align-items: center;\n    font-family: var(--zephr-typography-body-font), var(--zephr-typography-body-fallbackFont);\n    color: white;\n    font-weight: bold;\n}]]><\/style>\n                        \n                        \n<\/aside>\n\n\n<p>\u201cNew things came from old parts,\u201d says David Kingsley, a developmental biologist at Stanford University. A walking fish with taste organs on its limbs may look \u201creally new and cool and different, but when you dig in\u2026 the new things have come by taking a tool kit of preexisting genes and deploying them in new ways.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Northern sea robins (<em>Prionotus carolinus<\/em>) are skilled at finding buried crabs or shrimp to snag a meal. So skilled, in fact, that other fish seem to follow along to take advantage of any spoils. Previous studies suggested that northern sea robin legs could pick up chemical cues, but it was unclear if the limbs could sense anything as they dug into the seafloor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fish have taste buds in their mouths, and some fish even have taste buds on the outside of their bodies, says Peihua Jiang, a neurobiologist at the Monell Chemical Senses Center in Philadelphia who was not involved in the work. So while it doesn\u2019t surprise him that northern sea robins have an exterior sense of taste, it\u2019s \u201cactually quite amazing\u201d that their legs have become sensory organs, he says. \u201cThat\u2019s completely a new feature [for fish], not what we typically see for how you detect or process taste information.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It\u2019s hard to define what taste is for many water-living creatures in part because some chemicals diffuse easily in water, but there are other aquatic animals that also use appendages to sense food, says Nicholas Bellono, a physiologist at Harvard University. Octopuses, for instance, use their arms to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencenews.org\/article\/octopus-squid-cuttlefish-arms-evolve-taste\">detect greasy molecules<\/a> sticking to the shells of prey (<em>SN: 4\/18\/23<\/em>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For both studies, Kingsley, Bellono and colleagues used a diverse mix of experiments to explore how northern sea robins excavate food. Behavioral tests showed that fish swimming in tanks home in on extract from store-bought mussels as they sift through sand with legs that end in a shovel-like structure. Close-up images revealed small sensory mounds called papillae that cover the legs, like the taste buds that cover tongues.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><span class=\"caption wp-caption-3144266\">As a northern sea robin walks along the seafloor, its legs probe the sand for food. Sensory papillae on the legs allow the fish to detect where prey might be hiding via taste.<\/span><span class=\"credit wp-credit-3144266\">Anik Grearson<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>At first, the team wasn\u2019t sure whether the papillae might be sensing chemicals in a manner like smelling or tasting, or whether the fish were doing something new, says Corey Allard, a biologist at Harvard University. \u201cWe found it\u2019s a combination. [A sea robin leg] uses a lot of the same receptors that taste does, but repurposed and arranged in a way that\u2019s very different\u201d from the taste buds in the mouth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Additional genetic and physiological experiments found that the papillae have touch-sensitive nerve cells and taste sensors that help these sea robins figure out where to dig. The researchers detected high levels of activity from a gene called <em>t1r3<\/em> \u2014 which provides the instructions to make a receptor found in mammalian sweet-detecting taste buds \u2014 at the tips of each leg. What\u2019s more, an ancient gene called <em>tbx3a<\/em> that drives limb development in many animals, including people and chickens, was crucial for not only sea robin leg formation but also in forming the papillae and driving the digging behavior.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Most sea robins, including a non-digging species called the striped sea robin (<em>P. evolans<\/em>), have smooth, rod-shaped legs that probably can\u2019t taste, the team discovered. That difference suggests that northern sea robins and another digging relative, the leopard sea robin (<em>P. scitulus<\/em>), are among a few species benefitting from an \u201cevolutionary innovation,\u201d says Amy Herbert, a developmental biologist at Stanford University.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Though the legs aren\u2019t technically legs, Herbert notes. While the fishes do use the appendages for moving around \u2014 which prompted the team to call them legs \u2014 their position on a sea robin\u2019s body is more akin to using arms to walk. <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>Whether arms or legs, Jiang wonders whether the limbs\u2019 papillae can sense bitter compounds that don\u2019t signal food but instead tell sea robins when they\u2019ve found something that they want to avoid. He also wants to know if the taste buds in sea robin mouths detect the same tastes that their legs do. \u201cOnce they actually find food, what\u2019s the next step?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n<br>\r\n<br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencenews.org\/article\/fish-legs-taste-prey-sea-robin\">Source link <\/a>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>It\u2019s a bird! It\u2019s a crab! No, it\u2019s a fish that can taste with its legs. Some sea robins, a group of fishes with two winglike fins and six crablike legs, use their legs to dig in sand and find buried prey with a sense much like taste, researchers report in two papers published September [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":142552,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","fifu_image_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sciencenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/092524_eg_tasty-legs_inline.gif?resize=640%2C480&ssl=1","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[606],"tags":[5382,77804,8370],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/142551"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=142551"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/142551\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":142553,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/142551\/revisions\/142553"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/142552"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=142551"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=142551"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=142551"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}