{"id":221416,"date":"2025-01-22T14:27:14","date_gmt":"2025-01-22T14:27:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/2025\/01\/22\/a-mysteriously-large-pterosaur-finally-has-an-identity\/"},"modified":"2025-01-22T14:27:15","modified_gmt":"2025-01-22T14:27:15","slug":"a-mysteriously-large-pterosaur-finally-has-an-identity","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/2025\/01\/22\/a-mysteriously-large-pterosaur-finally-has-an-identity\/","title":{"rendered":"A mysteriously large pterosaur finally has an identity"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"text-align:center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/www.sciencenews.org\/011425_jb_pterosaur-rethink_inline1_mobile?ssl=1\" class=\"attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"A mysteriously large pterosaur finally has an identity\" title=\"A mysteriously large pterosaur finally has an identity\" \/><\/div> \r\n<br><div data-component=\"video-embed\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\n\n\n\n<p>One pterosaur species gave itself quite the makeover as it grew older and larger.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Scientists have spent more than a century wondering if a large and anatomically quirky flying reptile fossil represented a distinct species from its much smaller peers. Not so, researchers report January 2 in <em>PeerJ<\/em>. The Jurassic \u201cgiant,\u201d they argue, <a href=\"https:\/\/peerj.com\/articles\/18587\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">is a superlative for this species<\/a>. The findings help reveal how the extinct fliers may have warped physically and ecologically over their lives.<\/p>\n\n\n<aside class=\"sn-conversion rich-text rich-text--with-sidebar\">\n<style><![CDATA[\n.email-conversion {\n  border: 1px solid #ffcccb;\n  color: white;\n  margin-top: 50px;\n  background-image: url(\"\/wp-content\/themes\/sciencenews\/client\/src\/images\/cta-module@2x.jpg\");\n  padding: 20px;\n  clear: both;\n}\n\n]]><\/style>\n\n\n\n                        <style class=\"is-layout-flow 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!important;\n}]]><\/style>\n                        \n                        \n<\/aside>\n\n\n<p><em>Rhamphorhynchus <\/em>was a snaggle-toothed pterosaur that lived in parts of what is now Europe and Africa during the Jurassic Period roughly 150 million years ago. It\u2019s one of the best-known pterosaurs, with well over 100 fossilized remains known to science.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But one nearly complete fossil skeleton unearthed in the mid-1800s from limestone deposits in southern Germany stood out from the rest. Most adult <em>Rhamphorhynchus<\/em> had a wingspan in the 1-meter range, comparable to that of a crow. But this special fossil was far larger, with an eaglelike wingspan. The fossil had initially been treated as a distinct species, but in 1995, one scientist proposed that all known <em>Rhamphorhynchus<\/em> instead belonged to a single species, <em>R. muensteri<\/em>. Yet the conspicuously king-sized example left lingering doubts, says David Hone, a paleontologist at Queen Mary University of London.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThis thing is big and weird,\u201d he says. \u201cMaybe this <em>is<\/em> a different species, and we\u2019ve not really looked at it properly.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image \"><picture class=\"sn-responsive-image\"><source srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sciencenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/011425_jb_pterosaur-rethink_inline1_desktop.png?w=680&amp;ssl=1 680w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sciencenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/011425_jb_pterosaur-rethink_inline1_desktop.png?resize=638%2C383&amp;ssl=1 638w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sciencenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/011425_jb_pterosaur-rethink_inline1_desktop.png?resize=310%2C186&amp;ssl=1 310w\" width=\"680\" height=\"408\" media=\"(min-width: 600px)\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1023px) 100vw, 680px\"><source srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sciencenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/011425_jb_pterosaur-rethink_inline1_mobile.png?w=680&amp;ssl=1 680w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sciencenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/011425_jb_pterosaur-rethink_inline1_mobile.png?resize=638%2C383&amp;ssl=1 638w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sciencenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/011425_jb_pterosaur-rethink_inline1_mobile.png?resize=310%2C186&amp;ssl=1 310w\" width=\"680\" height=\"408\"><\/source><\/source><\/picture><figcaption><span class=\"caption mobile-caption wp-caption-3148607\">Silhouettes depict reconstructions of size and wingspan from fossil specimens of <em>Rhamphorhynchus<\/em>: anti-clockwise from top left, A \u2013 the smallest individual known, C \u2013 a \u201ctypical\u201d adult, D \u2013 the second largest individual yet found, and B \u2013 the largest, \u201cgiant\u201d individual. <\/span><span class=\"credit mobile-credit wp-credit-3148607\">D.W.E. Hone and S.N. McDavid\/PeerJ2025<\/span><span class=\"caption desktop-caption wp-caption-3148606\">Silhouettes depict reconstructions of size and wingspan from fossil specimens of <em>Rhamphorhynchus<\/em>: anti-clockwise from top left, A \u2013 the smallest individual known, C \u2013 a \u201ctypical\u201d adult, D \u2013 the second largest individual yet found, and B \u2013 the largest, \u201cgiant\u201d individual. <\/span><span class=\"credit desktop-credit wp-credit-3148606\">D.W.E. Hone and S.N. McDavid\/PeerJ 2025<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<p>Hone and independent paleontologist Skye McDavid conducted a deep dive on the mysterious skeleton, evaluating its eccentricities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The researchers made detailed measurements of the skull and body of the fossil, comparing them to other <em>Rhamphorhynchus<\/em> specimens. The team did find plenty of unique characteristics. In life, the animal would have had a 1.8-meter wingspan, making it over 60 percent larger than all but one of the largest known <em>Rhamphorhynchus<\/em>. The eye sockets were also proportionally smaller, and the skull openings behind the eyes were bigger.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But the researchers argue that these and other features are in line with the stepwise shifts in proportions that pterosaurs and other animals go through <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencenews.org\/article\/colossal-ancient-whale-heaviest-animal\">as they get larger<\/a>. The Jurassic jumbo appears to be what <em>R. muensteri<\/em> eventually grows into.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIt\u2019s a very cool specimen,\u201d says Natalia Jagielska, a paleontologist at the Lyme Regis Museum in Dorset, England. \u201cI\u2019m glad it finally has been described in detail, not just in passing.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>One of the most fascinating features of the fossil are its teeth. Other, smaller <em>R. muensteri <\/em>had interlocking, needlelike teeth with round cross sections, Hone says. The supersized specimen had curiously broad, flattened teeth. Hone thinks the compressed shape of the teeth, coupled with the animal\u2019s overall large size, means it was eating <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencenews.org\/article\/squid-fossil-offers-rare-record-pterosaur-feeding-behavior\">something different than what its smaller cousins ate<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The wee versions of the pterosaurs ate tiny shrimp and fish says Hone. For the colossal adult, such snacks \u201cjust fall between its teeth.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n<aside class=\"sn-conversion rich-text rich-text--with-sidebar\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-elements-27c40654034fbeecef6418d6adfe0794\" style=\"color:gray; margin-bottom:0px; font-size:.9rem;\">Sponsor Message<\/p>\n<!-- Tag ID: sciencenews-org_leaderboard_incontent -->\n\n<\/aside>\n\n\n<p>Its diet may have included more terrestrial prey, like lizards or small mammals. As a result, larger <em>R. muensteri <\/em>may have also spent less time near the ocean, heading inland along rivers and estuaries. This kind of separation into different ecological niches with age would have been largely unavoidable for animals like pterosaurs and dinosaurs, Hone says, since they started as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencenews.org\/article\/baby-dinosaurs-took-three-six-months-hatch\">very small hatchlings<\/a> and are thought to have <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencenews.org\/article\/dinosaur-embryos-were-restless-speedy-growers\">grown throughout their entire lives<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cEvery single stage of life is a slightly different animal,\u201d Jagielska says.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dave Unwin, a paleontologist at the University of Leicester in England, isn\u2019t on board with the idea that the older, larger individuals may have changed their dining habits or residence. The anatomy of the pterosaur is \u201cwholly unsuited\u201d for foraging in terrestrial environments, he says, and the skeletal and tooth differences in the big pterosaur are better explained as the consequence of having the predictably heavier build <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencenews.org\/article\/mammal-placenta-fossil-manbearbig-fast-lifestyle\">that comes with increasing size overall<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Either way, work like this can help researchers better understand how pterosaurs grew throughout their lives, says Rudah Duque, a paleontologist at the Federal University of Pernambuco in Recife, Brazil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cFor many years, many [pterosaur] species were described, sometimes without good criteria, as there were few materials for comparison, generating a plethora of taxa that often represent individuals of the same species, but of different ages or sexes,\u201d Duque says. Recent finds across different life stages have boosted researchers\u2019 understanding of pterosaur biology more generally, he says. \u201cBut we still have much to discover.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n<br>\r\n<br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencenews.org\/article\/jurassic-pterosaur-fossil-identity\">Source link <\/a>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>One pterosaur species gave itself quite the makeover as it grew older and larger. Scientists have spent more than a century wondering if a large and anatomically quirky flying reptile fossil represented a distinct species from its much smaller peers. Not so, researchers report January 2 in PeerJ. The Jurassic \u201cgiant,\u201d they argue, is a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":221417,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","fifu_image_url":"https:\/\/www.sciencenews.org\/011425_jb_pterosaur-rethink_inline1_mobile","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[606],"tags":[6828,12346,1486,46789,172947],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/221416"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=221416"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/221416\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":221418,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/221416\/revisions\/221418"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/221417"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=221416"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=221416"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=221416"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}