{"id":290211,"date":"2025-04-25T14:36:48","date_gmt":"2025-04-25T14:36:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/2025\/04\/25\/the-united-states-oldest-known-rock-has-existed-for-at-least-3-6-billion-years\/"},"modified":"2025-04-25T14:36:48","modified_gmt":"2025-04-25T14:36:48","slug":"the-united-states-oldest-known-rock-has-existed-for-at-least-3-6-billion-years","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/2025\/04\/25\/the-united-states-oldest-known-rock-has-existed-for-at-least-3-6-billion-years\/","title":{"rendered":"The United States\u2019 oldest known rock has existed for at least 3.6 billion years"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"text-align:center\"><\/div> \r\n<br><div data-component=\"video-embed\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\n\n\n\n<p>A weathered sign in the Minnesota River Valley proudly proclaims: \u201cWorld\u2019s Oldest Rock.\u201d Erected in 1975, it marks a 3.8-billion-year-old gneiss \u2014 or so scientists thought.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Turns out, it\u2019s not the world\u2019s oldest rock (Since 2019, that title has been held by an estimated 4-billion-year-old Canadian Acasta Gneiss). An analysis of minerals in the Minnesota gneiss and gneisses from across the country indicate that it\u2019s probably not even the oldest in the United States, geologist Carol Frost and colleagues report in the March-April <em>GSA Today<\/em>. The age proclaimed on the sign may be overstated by at least 300 million years, the team argues. Instead, the old sign should be uprooted, revised to \u201cAmerica\u2019s Oldest Rock\u201d and hammered into <a href=\"https:\/\/rock.geosociety.org\/net\/gsatoday\/science\/G613A\/GSATG613A.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Michigan\u2019s Watersmeet Gneiss<\/a>, which the researchers estimate is at least 3.6 billion years old.<\/p>\n\n\n<aside class=\"sn-conversion rich-text rich-text--with-sidebar\">\n<style><![CDATA[\n.email-conversion {\n  border: 1px solid #ffcccb;\n  color: white;\n  margin-top: 50px;\n  background-image: url(\"\/wp-content\/themes\/sciencenews\/client\/src\/images\/cta-module@2x.jpg\");\n  padding: 20px;\n  clear: both;\n}\n\n]]><\/style>\n\n\n\n<style class=\"is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\"><![CDATA[#newsletter-helper svg {\n    width: auto;\n    fill: #f1563e;\n}\n\n#newsletter-helper {\n    display: flex;\n    border-top: 1px solid gray;\n    padding-top: 10px;\n    padding-left: 20px;\n    margin-bottom: 10px;\n    max-width: 900px; \n    margin: auto\n}\n\n.zephr-form-container {\n    border-bottom: 1px solid gray;\n    margin: 0px !important;\n}\n]]><\/style><div id=\"newsletter-helper\">\n  <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" enable-background=\"new 0 0 122.88 78.607\" height=\"25\" viewbox=\"0 0 122.88 78.607\" width=\"30\"><path clip-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"m61.058 65.992 24.224-24.221 36.837 36.836h-48.446-25.23-48.443l36.836-36.836zm-59.657-65.992 59.656 59.654 59.657-59.654zm-1.401 69.673 31.625-31.628-31.625-31.625zm122.88 3.025-34.653-34.653 34.653-34.652z\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\"\/><\/svg>\n  <h3 style=\"margin-left: 10px; margin-top:2px; margin-bottom:0px;\">Sign up for our newsletter<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 20px; margin: 0px; max-width: 900px; margin: auto\">We summarize the week&#8217;s scientific breakthroughs every Thursday.<\/p>                        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var(--zephr-input-borderColor);--zf-payment-options-borderRadius:calc(var(--zephr-input-borderRadius) * 1px);--zf-payment-options-highlighted-color:var(--zephr-color-text-main);--zf-payment-options-highlighted-bgColor:var(--zephr-color-accent-main);--zf-payment-summary-fontSize:var(--zf-subtext-fontSize);--zf-payment-summary-color:var(--zephr-color-text-main);--zf-payment-summary-bgColor:var(--zf-input-bgColor);--zf-payment-summary-border:calc(var(--zephr-input-borderWidth) * 1px) solid var(--zephr-input-borderColor);--zf-payment-summary-borderRadius:calc(var(--zephr-input-borderRadius) * 1px);--zf-list-subscriptions-container-maxWidth:630px;--zf-list-subscriptions-container-padding:24px;--zf-list-subscriptions-section-padding:16px 0px;--zf-list-subscriptions-container-border:calc(var(--zephr-input-borderWidth) * 1px) solid var(--zephr-input-borderColor);--zf-list-subscriptions-container-borderRadius:calc(var(--zephr-input-borderRadius) * 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!important;\n}\n\n.zephr-form {\n    margin: 0px !important;\n    overflow-clip-margin: content-box;\n    --zf-container-bgColor: none;\n    --zf-container-maxWidth: 900px;\n}\n\n.zephr-form h3 {\n    font-size: 1.2rem;\n    font-weight: bold;\n    color: #f1563e;\n    margin-top: 0px;\n}\n\n.zephr-form p {\n    text-align: center;\n    margin: 0px;\n    color: #2b3136;\n    font-size: 1rem;\n}]]><\/style>\n                        \n                        \n<\/aside>\n\n\n<p>But the lighthearted debate points to a deeper problem: If we can\u2019t date rocks accurately, we risk misreading major geologic events that shaped the planet \u2014 and that will shape its future.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Like many geology debates, this one started as \u201ca beer question,\u201d says coauthor Bob Stern, of the University of Texas at Dallas. Extracurricular curiosity led him and Ph.D. student Clinton Crowley to geologists, including Frost, who specialize in dating ancient rocks.<\/p><p>The premise seemed simple. It wasn\u2019t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When geologists date rocks, they\u2019re really dating minerals. \u201cA rock can be composed of minerals that formed at different ages,\u201d says Frost, of the University of Wyoming in Laramie. It\u2019s like trying to date a building by analyzing its bricks, which aren\u2019t necessarily the same age. For Frost, it\u2019s almost metaphysical: \u201cSo, what is the age of the rock? I mean, what does the question really mean?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The mineral zircon is a fan favorite, but its durability \u2014 able to withstand weathering, heat and pressure \u2014 means it often outlasts its host rock. After crystallizing in magma, zircons can be swept into sediments or crushed by tectonic forces, processes that form new rocks but may (or may not) distort the crystal\u2019s age. As a result, zircons are helpful but imperfect record keepers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The team sampled gneisses from the primordial American heartland in Minnesota, Wyoming and Michigan, the rocks\u2019 banded striations and deformed grains hinting at a tumultuous history. \u201cThey\u2019re messy,\u201d says Jeffrey Vervoort, a geologist at Washington State University in Pullman who was not involved in the study. \u201cYou can say that of all of them.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When studying gneiss samples, researchers zap their zircons with lasers and ion beams to measure the radioactive decay of uranium to lead and calculate each rock\u2019s age.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The disputed champion, Minnesota\u2019s Morton Gneiss, contains zircons dating to 2.6 billion, 3.3 billion and 3.5 billion years ago. \u201cThere may have been two rocks of different ages that became mixed at a third youngest time,\u201d Frost says. The sign boasting 3.8 billion? Probably outdated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Most zircons in Wyoming\u2019s Sacawee Gneiss date to 3.4 billion years ago, though nine rogue grains date to 3.8 billion years ago.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Then there\u2019s Michigan\u2019s Watersmeet Gneiss. Its zircon ages span a wild 3.8 billion to 1.3 billion years old, with evidence of a violent past: volcanic intrusion (which sounds as rude as it is), metamorphism and tectonic upheaval. The team settled on a minimum age of 3.6 billion years, handing Watersmeet the title of \u201cAmerica\u2019s Oldest Rock\u201d \u2014 for now.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencenews.org\/article\/50-years-ago-earth-oldest-rocks\">The search for America\u2019s oldest rock<\/a> isn\u2019t just an exercise in trivia \u2014 it raises fundamental questions about how we reconstruct Earth\u2019s history. Without precise ages, scientists can\u2019t pinpoint when life began, mountains grew or climates shifted.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vervoort isn\u2019t worried the study will upend geologic history, explaining that younger rocks are usually much easier to date. Early Earth is another matter. \u201cWhen I give talks on the early Earth, I always finish with the Salvador Dali painting with the drooping clocks in a barren landscape,\u201d he says. \u201cIt\u2019s complex.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><span class=\"caption wp-caption-3153857\">Researchers argue that this sign proclaiming a gneiss in Minnesota as the \u201cWorld\u2019s Oldest Rock\u201d should be uprooted, revised to \u201cAmerica\u2019s Oldest Rock\u201d and posted in a gneiss in Michigan.<\/span><span class=\"credit wp-credit-3153857\">Jimmy Emerson, DVM\/flickr (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Geologist Mark Harrison of UCLA applauds the researchers\u2019 efforts but emphasizes that their results only reflect rocks available at Earth\u2019s surface. \u201cThey may have documented [the United States\u2019] oldest <em>known<\/em> rock,\u201d he says, \u201cbut the challenge to young readers will be to discover an even older rock.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Frost agrees. The 3.8-billion-year-old zircons in the Michigan and Wyoming gneisses hint at older rocks that were either recycled in Earth\u2019s mantle or remain buried in the crust. \u201cI would love to find them,\u201d she says.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>So, should the sign in Minnesota come down? Probably. But it might be wise to leave a little room for updates.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n<br>\r\n<br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencenews.org\/article\/united-states-oldest-known-rock\">Source link <\/a>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A weathered sign in the Minnesota River Valley proudly proclaims: \u201cWorld\u2019s Oldest Rock.\u201d Erected in 1975, it marks a 3.8-billion-year-old gneiss \u2014 or so scientists thought. Turns out, it\u2019s not the world\u2019s oldest rock (Since 2019, that title has been held by an estimated 4-billion-year-old Canadian Acasta Gneiss). An analysis of minerals in the Minnesota [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":290212,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","fifu_image_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sciencenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/041825_EH_oldest-rock_inline-1.jpg?resize=680%2C434&ssl=1","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[606],"tags":[1289,15717,7605,6305,309,308,111],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/290211"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=290211"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/290211\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":290213,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/290211\/revisions\/290213"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/290212"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=290211"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=290211"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=290211"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}