{"id":295019,"date":"2025-05-01T13:32:04","date_gmt":"2025-05-01T13:32:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/2025\/05\/01\/chess-players-rely-on-familiar-moves-even-when-the-game-changes\/"},"modified":"2025-05-01T13:32:05","modified_gmt":"2025-05-01T13:32:05","slug":"chess-players-rely-on-familiar-moves-even-when-the-game-changes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/2025\/05\/01\/chess-players-rely-on-familiar-moves-even-when-the-game-changes\/","title":{"rendered":"Chess players rely on familiar moves even when the game changes"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"text-align:center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sciencenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/042225_sg_scrambled-chess_inline1.png?fit=680%2C680&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"Chess players rely on familiar moves even when the game changes\" title=\"Chess players rely on familiar moves even when the game changes\" \/><\/div> \r\n<br><div data-component=\"video-embed\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\n\n\n\n<p>Last year, my son joined the middle school chess club and began using me, a total novice, as his sparring partner. In chess, a player can choose from one of 20 opening moves, including moving a knight in the back row to one of four possible spots or any of the pawns in the front row one or two spaces forward. That opening matters a lot, determining how the game unspools and, ultimately, a player\u2019s odds of winning. I experimented wildly, including with oddball moves, such as moving the pawn on the far right a single space forward. Given how badly that game went, I never used that opener again.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yet an opening move with a low probability of success in conventional chess might be a winner in Chess960, a decades-old variant of the classic game. In Chess960, pawns still line the front row, but the back pieces are scrambled (though in the same formation for both black and white pieces). It\u2019s a topsy-turvy chess universe where players <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nber.org\/papers\/w33649\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">often rely on tried-and-true opening moves<\/a>, even when an oddball move might yield greater success, researchers reported earlier this month in a National Bureau of Economic Research working paper.<\/p>\n\n\n<aside class=\"sn-conversion rich-text rich-text--with-sidebar\">\n<style><![CDATA[\n.email-conversion {\n  border: 1px solid #ffcccb;\n  color: white;\n  margin-top: 50px;\n  background-image: url(\"\/wp-content\/themes\/sciencenews\/client\/src\/images\/cta-module@2x.jpg\");\n  padding: 20px;\n  clear: both;\n}\n\n]]><\/style>\n\n\n\n<style class=\"is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\"><![CDATA[#newsletter-helper svg {\n    width: auto;\n    fill: #f1563e;\n}\n\n#newsletter-helper {\n    display: flex;\n    border-top: 1px solid gray;\n    padding-top: 10px;\n    padding-left: 20px;\n    margin-bottom: 10px;\n    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var(--zephr-input-borderColor);--zf-payment-options-borderRadius:calc(var(--zephr-input-borderRadius) * 1px);--zf-payment-options-highlighted-color:var(--zephr-color-text-main);--zf-payment-options-highlighted-bgColor:var(--zephr-color-accent-main);--zf-payment-summary-fontSize:var(--zf-subtext-fontSize);--zf-payment-summary-color:var(--zephr-color-text-main);--zf-payment-summary-bgColor:var(--zf-input-bgColor);--zf-payment-summary-border:calc(var(--zephr-input-borderWidth) * 1px) solid var(--zephr-input-borderColor);--zf-payment-summary-borderRadius:calc(var(--zephr-input-borderRadius) * 1px);--zf-list-subscriptions-container-maxWidth:630px;--zf-list-subscriptions-container-padding:24px;--zf-list-subscriptions-section-padding:16px 0px;--zf-list-subscriptions-container-border:calc(var(--zephr-input-borderWidth) * 1px) solid var(--zephr-input-borderColor);--zf-list-subscriptions-container-borderRadius:calc(var(--zephr-input-borderRadius) * 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5px}.zephr-form-input-inner-text{color:var(--zephr-color-text-main);font-size:var(--zf-subtext-fontSize);font-weight:bold;font-family:var(--zf-root-fontFamily)}\n]]><\/style>\n                        \n                        <style><![CDATA[.zephr-form-content {\n    display: flex;\n    flex-wrap: wrap;\n}\n\n.zephr-form-relative-container {\n    flex: 40%\n}\n\n.zephr-form-input {\n    border-radius: 0px !important;\n}\n\n.zephr-form-button {\n    width: 130px !important;\n    margin-top: 0px !important;\n    background-color: #2b3136 !important;\n    text-transform: none !important;\n    font-weight: 900 !important;\n    letter-spacing: 0.075em;\n    font-size: 1.2em !important;\n    border-radius: 0px !important;\n}\n\n.zephr-form-custom-text {\n    width: 100% !important;\n    margin-top: 3px !important;\n}\n\nlabel {\n    display: none !important;\n}\n\n.zephr-form-container {\n    max-height: 130px;\n    max-width: 900px;\n    margin: auto !important;\n    margin-bottom: 20px !important;\n}\n\n.zephr-form {\n    margin: 0px !important;\n    overflow-clip-margin: content-box;\n    --zf-container-bgColor: none;\n    --zf-container-maxWidth: 900px;\n}\n\n.zephr-form h3 {\n    font-size: 1.2rem;\n    font-weight: bold;\n    color: #f1563e;\n    margin-top: 0px;\n}\n\n.zephr-form p {\n    text-align: center;\n    margin: 0px;\n    color: #2b3136;\n    font-size: 1rem;\n}]]><\/style>\n                        \n                        \n<\/aside>\n\n\n<p>The findings hint at how to make decisions when life doesn\u2019t seem to be playing by the rules.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cOne would expect that if the situation changes, then decision makers would go back to the drawing board, so to speak, and adjust their choices,\u201d says Yuval Salant, a behavioral scientist at Northwestern University in Evanston, Ill. The cost of relying on past experiences when other approaches might make more sense is called the \u201cmemory premium.\u201d In chess, at least, this premium is quantifiable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To calculate these premiums, Salant and his colleagues analyzed games played from January 2013 to June 2021 on lichess.org, a popular internet chess server where players can play either the standard or scrambled version of the game.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The researchers first excluded less experienced players, or those who had opened fewer than 20 times in standard chess on Lichess. They then zoomed in on the opening moves of roughly 147,000 players trying Chess960 for the first time while playing with the white pieces, which go first.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><span class=\"caption wp-caption-3154017\">A decades-old variant of chess known as Chess960 scrambles the back pieces on a standard chess board, such as depicted here. That can dramatically change the game\u2019s trajectory.<\/span><span class=\"credit wp-credit-3154017\">zbruch\/Getty Images, adapted by B. Price<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>In standard chess, any move has a 1 in 20 \u2014 or 5 percent \u2014 chance of being selected on average, though some opening moves are more popular than others. Salant and his colleagues counted any move that a player had opened with in standard chess as stored in memory. In Chess960, a player\u2019s likelihood of starting with a given in-memory move increased by roughly 4 percentage points, on average, over that 5 percent baseline, the team found.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For instance, moving the pawn in front of the queen two squares forward, from D2 to D4, is a popular chess opener. About three-quarters of the players in the study, roughly 110,000 individuals, had opened with D2 to D4 in standard chess. Of those players, 20 percent opened with that same move in their first game of Chess960, regardless of which piece started behind the D2 pawn, the team found. Among players who had not used that move in standard chess, the likelihood of opening with it in Chess960 dropped to 10 percent. In other words, having that move in memory doubled the chance that a player would use it in an off-kilter setting.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"680\" height=\"680\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sciencenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/042225_sg_scrambled-chess_inline2.gif?fit=680%2C680&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"A chess board diagram showing the standard starting position for a game of chess. A looping animation shows white's queen pawn moving ahead two space to start the game.\" class=\"wp-image-3154016\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><span class=\"caption wp-caption-3154016\">Moving the pawn in front of the queen two spaces forward from square D2 to D4, shown here, is a popular chess opener. Players who use that opener in standard chess also tend to use it when the chess board is scrambled \u2014 even when another move might make more sense. <\/span><span class=\"credit wp-credit-3154016\">zbruch\/Getty Images, adapted by B. Price<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Using a program called Stockfish, which can rate the value of every move in chess or Chess960, the team also scored the opening moves. Moves in memory often had lower scores than the best alternative, the team found. But unlike Stockfish, na\u00efve players cannot see the statistical chances of eventual success for different openings. As such, memory served as a reasonable way to select a sufficiently high-scoring opening move \u2014 to a point. When the scrambled board deviated substantially from the standard arrangement, shifting from memory to rational analysis would have yielded better odds of winning.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In wholly new situations, it\u2019s worth \u201cthinking beyond intuition,\u201d Salant says.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n<aside class=\"sn-conversion rich-text rich-text--with-sidebar\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-elements-27c40654034fbeecef6418d6adfe0794\" style=\"color:gray; margin-bottom:0px; font-size:.9rem;\">Sponsor Message<\/p>\n<!-- Tag ID: sciencenews-org_leaderboard_incontent -->\n\n<\/aside>\n\n\n<p>And experience helped. When the team focused on the roughly 16,700 players who had played Chess960 at least 50 times, they found that the memory premium dropped from roughly 4 percentage points to 2.5 percentage points, suggesting that people were starting to think outside the box.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In fact, legendary chess grandmaster Bobby Fischer invented Chess960 in 1996 to get players outside their comfort zone, Salant says. \u201cHe thought chess is not about memorization but \u2026 strategic thinking.\u201d <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The findings suggest that memory, while imperfect, is usually a decent shortcut for decision-making, says Michael Woodford, a behavioral economist at Columbia University who was not involved with this research. And when things feel wholly unprecedented, reflecting on similar situations across time or space \u2014 or gaining the chess equivalent of experience, rather than turning to a familiar but less relevant playbook \u2014 isn\u2019t a bad idea. \u201cThis seems to be an important lesson about real life,\u201d Woodford says.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n<br>\r\n<br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencenews.org\/article\/chess-players-familiar-moves-memory\">Source link <\/a>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Last year, my son joined the middle school chess club and began using me, a total novice, as his sparring partner. In chess, a player can choose from one of 20 opening moves, including moving a knight in the back row to one of four possible spots or any of the pawns in the front [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":295020,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","fifu_image_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sciencenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/042225_sg_scrambled-chess_inline1.png?fit=680%2C680&ssl=1","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[606],"tags":[9073,39896,1749,645,1708,35728],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/295019"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=295019"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/295019\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":295021,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/295019\/revisions\/295021"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/295020"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=295019"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=295019"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=295019"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}