{"id":33765,"date":"2024-04-23T20:02:51","date_gmt":"2024-04-23T20:02:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/2024\/04\/23\/separating-science-fact-from-fiction-in-netflixs-3-body-problem\/"},"modified":"2024-04-23T20:02:51","modified_gmt":"2024-04-23T20:02:51","slug":"separating-science-fact-from-fiction-in-netflixs-3-body-problem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/2024\/04\/23\/separating-science-fact-from-fiction-in-netflixs-3-body-problem\/","title":{"rendered":"Separating science fact from fiction in Netflix&#8217;s \u20183 Body Problem\u2019\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"text-align:center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sciencenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/041924_EC_three-body_feat.jpg?fit=800%2C450&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"Separating science fact from fiction in Netflix&#8217;s \u20183 Body Problem\u2019\u00a0\" title=\"Separating science fact from fiction in Netflix&#8217;s \u20183 Body Problem\u2019\u00a0\" \/><\/div> \r\n<br><br><div data-component=\"video-embed\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\n\n\n\n<p>The orbits of a trio of stars can be so chaotic that it\u2019s impossible to precisely calculate the stars\u2019 future trajectories. That\u2019s the real science behind the name of the hit Netflix show,\u00a0<em>3 Body Problem<\/em>. Much of the sci-fi show\u2019s action hinges on a variety of other physics concepts. But in service of the plot, some of that science is taken to implausible \u2014 or even physically impossible \u2014 lengths.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To get a handle on what\u2019s real and what\u2019s fiction,\u00a0<em>Science News\u00a0<\/em>spoke with cosmologist Jacques Delabrouille of CNRS in Paris and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in California.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n<aside class=\"sn-conversion rich-text rich-text--with-sidebar\">\n<style><![CDATA[\n.email-conversion {\n  border: 1px solid #ffcccb;\n  color: white;\n  margin-top: 50px;\n  background-image: url(\"\/wp-content\/themes\/sciencenews\/client\/src\/images\/cta-module@2x.jpg\");\n  padding: 20px;\n  clear: both;\n}\n\n]]><\/style>\n\n\n\n                        <style class=\"is-layout-flow 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*{color:var(--zephr-color-text-main)}.apple-pay-button{display:inline-block;-webkit-appearance:-apple-pay-button;-apple-pay-button-type:pay;width:440px;max-width:100%;height:45px;margin-top:20px}.apple-pay-button-black{-apple-pay-button-style:black}.zephr-payment-form-disabled-div{pointer-events:none;opacity:0.8}.zephr-payment-form-relative-container{position:relative}.zephr-payment-form-flex-container{display:flex}.zephr-form-input-inner-button{cursor:pointer;position:absolute;top:50%;transform:translateY(-50%);right:5px;padding:10px 5px}.zephr-payment-form-input-inner-text{color:var(--zephr-color-text-main);font-size:12px;font-weight:bold;font-family:var(--zephr-typography-body-font),\n            var(--zephr-typography-body-fallbackFont)}\n]]><\/style>\n                        \n                        <style><![CDATA[#zephr-payment-form-root > div {\n    background-image: url(https:\/\/sciencenews.org\/wp-content\/themes\/sciencenews\/client\/src\/images\/cta-module@2x.jpg);\n    padding:20px;\n    max-width: 100%;\n   \n}\n\n#zephr-payment-form-root > div > button {\n    max-width: 50%;\n    margin-left: auto;\n    margin-right: auto;\n    border-radius: 1px;\n    background-color: #e04821;\n    color: white;\n}\n#zephr-payment-form-root > div > div.zephr-payment-form-custom-text.svelte-s692p7{\n    color:white;\n}\n#zephr-payment-form-root > div > label > span {\n    color:white;\n}    \n.zephr-payment-form-input-label.svelte-1ozx4pz span.svelte-1ozx4pz {\n    display: none;\n}\n\n.zephr-payment-form-custom-text.svelte-s692p7 {\n    color:white;\n}\n\nbutton.zephr-payment-form-button.svelte-1hlz8zp.zephr-payment-form-button-top-margin {\n    background: #d4441f;\n    font-weight: bold;\n    text-transform: uppercase;\n}\n\nlabel.zephr-payment-form-checkbox-label.svelte-1rzrrj8 {\n    color: white;\n    font-size: 1.6rem;\n}\n\n.zephr-payment-form-custom-text.svelte-s692p7 {\n    margin-top: .2rem;\n}\n\n.zephr-payment-form-checkbox-label.svelte-eq3e4e {\n    display: flex;\n    align-items: center;\n    font-family: var(--zephr-typography-body-font), var(--zephr-typography-body-fallbackFont);\n    color: white;\n    font-weight: bold;\n}]]><\/style>\n                        \n                        \n<\/aside>\n\n\n<p>Note to those who haven\u2019t yet watched: Spoilers follow.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What is the three-body problem in physics?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>For two objects orbiting one another, scientists can precisely predict the locations and speeds of those objects far into the future. But for three or more orbiting objects, the motion can be chaotic. That means the results depend so sensitively on the initial locations and velocities of the three objects that\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencenews.org\/article\/quantum-mechanics-some-black-hole-orbits-impossible-predict\">the future is unpredictable<\/a> (<em>SN: 4\/6\/20<\/em>).\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In\u00a0<em>3 Body Problem<\/em>, an alien race called the San-Ti inhabits a planet in a triple star system four light-years from Earth. The stars\u2019 unpredictable orbits lead to \u201cstable\u201d and \u201cchaotic\u201d eras. Chaotic eras wreak havoc on the planet\u2019s climate, decimating entire civilizations.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In reality, the closest neighboring star system to the sun, Alpha Centauri, does host three stars,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencenews.org\/article\/planet-detected-nearest-neighbor-star-proxima-centauri\">and even planets<\/a>, about four light-years from Earth (<em>SN: 8\/24\/16<\/em>). But that system isn\u2019t chaotic. Two larger stars orbit close to one another, and a less massive star orbits them, farther out. \u201cThis particular system has a solution which is quite stable,\u201d\u00a0Delabrouille\u00a0says.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For a hypothetical system in which three stars do orbit chaotically, however, the planet probably wouldn\u2019t survive long,\u00a0Delabrouille\u00a0says. \u201cMost probably what would happen very fast is that the planet would either fall in one of the stars or just be ejected.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Does quantum entanglement allow instantaneous communication?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In the show, the San-Ti are able to manipulate events on Earth, controlling video screens and particle physics experiments from afar and even making stars appear to blink. These powers are explained via sophons, which the series describes as supercomputers the size of a proton.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A single proton can become a supercomputer, the show explains, because the San-Ti make use of extra dimensions. Extra dimensions are a real physics idea: In string theory, for example, scientists propose that there are 10 or more dimensions, instead of just the three space and one time dimension we know. But,\u00a0Delabrouille\u00a0points out, those extra dimensions\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencenews.org\/article\/universe-continued-existence-implies-extra-dimensions-tiny\">must be tiny<\/a>\u00a0(<em>SN: 10\/5\/18<\/em>). In the series, the extra dimensions unfold to an enormous size to allow a computer to be etched on the proton. \u201cThis is complete science fiction,\u201d\u00a0Delabrouille says.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Another head-scratcher: The San-Ti accelerate the sophons to send them to Earth, but it\u2019s not explained how the sophons decelerate and arrive unscathed in Earth\u2019s atmosphere. High-speed protons from space hit Earth\u2019s atmosphere on the regular; they\u2019re called\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencenews.org\/article\/rare-energetic-cosmic-ray-mysterious-origins\">cosmic rays<\/a>\u00a0(<em>SN: 11\/23\/23<\/em>). When those cosmic rays arrive, they are obliterated in showers of particles. Likewise, the sophon \u201cwould hit the atmosphere and disintegrate,\u201d Delabrouille says.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>What\u2019s more, the sophons can transmit information to and from the San-Ti faster than the speed of light. That\u2019s explained in the show by\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencenews.org\/article\/physics-nobel-prize-2022-quantum-entanglement-tech\">quantum entanglement<\/a>\u00a0\u2014 a real feature of physics frequently abused by science fiction authors (<em>SN: 10\/4\/22<\/em>). Entangled particles have properties that are linked. Make a measurement of one entangled particle, and you know the result its partner would give, even if the two particles are separated by light-years.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But physicists are crystal clear on one thing: Quantum entanglement cannot transmit information. Each measurement of an entangled particle gives a random result. So,\u00a0Delabrouille says, \u201cthe best we could do is make measurements, get random numbers, and then on the other side \u2026 they would get random numbers, too.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Could nuclear blasts power a space probe?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>With the San-Ti barreling toward Earth, slated to arrive in 400 years, humans send out a probe to meet them. To get the probe up to speed \u2014 around 1 percent of the speed of light \u2014 the team decides on a series of nuclear blasts, carefully timed to catch the probe\u2019s radiation sail as it passes by.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The numbers could work out,\u00a0Delabrouille says, but the efficiency of each explosion would be small \u2014 most of the energy of each blast would be lost into space and wouldn\u2019t go into propelling the probe. \u201cI think it\u2019s a little bit optimistic,\u201d he says.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There were plenty of other moments in the show that, while based in real science, end up not being plausible,\u00a0Delabrouille says. Nanofibers can make\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencenews.org\/article\/artificial-cartilage-gets-its-strength-stuff-bulletproof-vests\">impressively strong<\/a>\u00a0materials, for example (<em>SN: 1\/10\/18<\/em>). But individual ones couldn\u2019t slice through a ship. And scientists\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencenews.org\/article\/50-years-ago-earth-contact-et\">have attempted to send messages to aliens<\/a>, but the sun wouldn\u2019t amplify a radio signal humans broadcast (<em>SN: 2\/24\/23<\/em>). And no,\u00a0Delabrouille\u00a0says, an army wouldn\u2019t float off the San-Ti home planet if the three stars lined up with each other. Lofting the army would require immense tidal forces that would rip the whole planet apart.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Despite the scientific leaps, Delabrouille says he enjoyed both the show and the novel it\u2019s based on. \u201cIt\u2019s extraordinarily imaginative, and I like that,\u201d he says. \u201cIt makes me think: \u2018Is this plausible? Is this possible?\u2019 And then you have to think why it\u2019s not possible, so even in that respect, it\u2019s interesting.\u201d\u00a0<a\/><\/p>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n<br>\r\n<br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencenews.org\/article\/netflix-3-body-problem-fiction\">Source link <\/a>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The orbits of a trio of stars can be so chaotic that it\u2019s impossible to precisely calculate the stars\u2019 future trajectories. That\u2019s the real science behind the name of the hit Netflix show,\u00a03 Body Problem. Much of the sci-fi show\u2019s action hinges on a variety of other physics concepts. But in service of the plot, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":33766,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","fifu_image_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.sciencenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/041924_EC_three-body_feat.jpg?fit=800%2C450&ssl=1","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[606],"tags":[2776,12556,37318,20775,3684,252,37317],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33765"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=33765"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33765\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":33767,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33765\/revisions\/33767"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/33766"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=33765"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=33765"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.talkwithrattan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=33765"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}